Mukamagwiritsa ntchito zida zomangira zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito mabolt ndi mtedza, ma washer ndi zida zofunika kwambiri zothandizira. Ma washer amathandiza kwambiri: amadzaza mipata pakati pa zigawo, amafalitsa mphamvu yolumikizira kuti ikhale yofanana, ndikuteteza pamwamba pa zigawo zomwe mukulumikiza. Zosankha zodziwika bwino ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, chitsulo cha kaboni, ndi mkuwa. Nthawi zina anthu amawonjezeranso mankhwala ochizira pamwamba, monga zinc plating kapena nickel plating, kuti azitha kupirira dzimbiri. Mwanjira imeneyi, amagwirabe ntchito modalirika ngakhale m'malo ovuta.
Kusankha makina ochapira oyenera kumapangitsa kusiyana kwakukulu pa chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa makina onse omangira. Nazi madera akuluakulu omwe makina ochapira amagwiritsidwa ntchito:
1. Makina a Mafakitale ndi Makina Odzichitira Okha
Mitundu yodziwika bwino: Flat Washer, Spring Washer
Ntchito zachizolowezi: Kugwira mafelemu a zida zonyamulira (ma washer athyathyathya amatambasula mphamvu kuti chimangocho chisapindike), kulimbitsa zolumikizira za manja a robotic (ma washer a spring amaletsa kugwedezeka kuti zinthu zisasunthike), ndi kutseka maziko a injini (ma washer athyathyathya a carbon steel amafanana ndi mabolts ndi mtedza wa carbon steel kuti kulumikizana kukhale kolimba).
2. Mayendedwe a Magalimoto
Mitundu yodziwika bwino: Chotsukira Chosapanga Chitsulo, Chotsukira Chotseka
Ntchito zachizolowezi: Kulumikiza mapaipi amadzimadzi pa chassis ya galimoto (zotsukira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimalimbana ndi dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka kwa madzi a mabuleki), ma shaft otsekera ma drive (zotsukira zotchingira zimagwira ntchito ndi mtedza wosweka kuti zipangitse kuti zotsukira zisasokonekere bwino), ndikuyika ma brake calipers (zotsukira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri zimasunga kulumikizana kolimba ngakhale kukakhala konyowa).
3. Mphamvu, Mphamvu, ndi Zipangizo Zolemera
Mitundu yodziwika bwino: Chotsukira Chotentha Choviikidwa ndi Galvanized Flat, Chotsukira Chotentha Chopangidwa ndi Spring
Ntchito zachizolowezi: Kuyika ma jenereta (ma washers opangidwa ndi galvanized otenthedwa ndi madzi otentha amalimbana ndi dzimbiri, kotero amakhala abwino kunja), makina olumikizira ma port (ma washers opangidwa ndi ma spring amagwira ntchito yogwedeza makina omwe akugwira ntchito), ndi kunyamula nsanja zamagetsi (ma washers opangidwa ndi galvanized flat otenthedwa ndi madzi otentha amafanana ndi mtedza wopangidwa ndi galvanized otenthedwa kuti zinthu zonse zisawonongeke).
4. Zipangizo zamagetsi ndi zachipatala
Mitundu yodziwika bwino: Chotsukira Mkuwa, Chotsukira Chaching'ono Chosapanga Chitsulo
Ntchito zachizolowezi: Makabati ogwiritsira ntchito pansi (ma washer amkuwa amayendetsa bwino magetsi, kotero kuti pansi pa nthaka imagwira ntchito bwino), kutseka ma casing a zida zachipatala (ma washer ang'onoang'ono osapanga dzimbiri sakanda pamwamba pa casing), ndi kugwira zigawo zazing'ono mkati mwa zida zolondola (ma washer amkuwa osagwiritsa ntchito maginito sasokoneza kulondola kwa chida).
Momwe Mungasinthire Makina Otsukira Okhaokha
Ku Yuhuang, tasintha makina ochapira mosavuta—kotero mumakhala ndi makina ochapira omwe amakwanira bwino mabolt anu, osafunikira kuyerekezera. Chomwe muyenera kuchita ndikungotiuza zinthu zingapo zofunika:
1. Zipangizo: Zinthu monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha 304 (ndichothandiza kwambiri poletsa dzimbiri), chitsulo cha carbon cha grade 8.8 (cholimba kwambiri pantchito zolemera), kapena brass (imagwira ntchito bwino ngati mukuifuna kuti iyendetse magetsi).
2. Mtundu: Mwachitsanzo, ma washer a flat (amafalitsa mphamvu bwino komanso mofanana), ma washer a mtundu wa E (osavuta kuwayika ndi kuwachotsa), kapena ma washer a spring (amaletsa mtedza kugwedezeka zinthu zikagwedezeka).
3. Miyeso: M'mimba mwake wamkati (izi ziyenera kufanana ndi kukula kwa bolt yanu, mwachionekere), m'mimba mwake wakunja (zikakhala zazikulu, zimakhudza kwambiri ntchito yanu), ndi makulidwe (ingosankha izi kutengera kulemera komwe zikufunika kuti zigwire kapena mipata iliyonse yomwe ziyenera kudzazidwa).
4. Kukonza pamwamba: Zinthu monga zinc plating (yabwino kwa malo onyowa mkati) kapena hot-dip galvanizing (yolimba mokwanira kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito kwambiri panja popanda kutopa).
5. Zosowa zapadera: Chilichonse chosiyana ndi chachilendo—monga mawonekedwe achilendo, ma logo apadera pa makina ochapira, kapena omwe amatha kupirira kutentha kwambiri.
Ingotiuzani izi, ndipo gulu lathu lidzakudziwitsani ngati zingatheke. Tidzakupatsaninso malangizo ngati mukuzifuna, ndikupangirani makina ochapira zovala momwe mukufunira.
Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri
Q: Kodi mungasankhe bwanji zinthu zotsukira zovala pazochitika zosiyanasiyana?
A: Gwiritsani ntchito makina ochapira achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri/oviika m'madzi otentha m'malo onyowa/owononga (monga chassis ya galimoto). Sankhani makina ochapira a mkuwa oti mugwiritse ntchito poyendetsa/kutseka (monga, kuyika pansi, mapaipi). Kuti mugwiritse ntchito nthawi zonse m'mafakitale, chitsulo cha kaboni chotsika mtengo chimagwira ntchito.
Q: Nanga bwanji ngati makina ochapira alephera kuletsa mtedza kumasuka?
Yankho: Sinthanitsani makina ochapira otsekeka/osambitsira, kapena phatikizani makina ochapira otsambitsira ndi makina ochapira osalala. Kuyika guluu wopanda mpweya pa ulusi kumathandizanso.
Q: Kodi ma washer ayenera kusinthidwa ndi mabolt/mtedza watsopano?
A: Inde, ndi bwino. Makina ochapira amatha (makina ochapira a masika amataya kusinthasintha, dzimbiri limapangika), kotero kugwiritsanso ntchito akale kumachepetsa kukhazikika kwa kulumikizana.
Q: Kodi ma washer a masika angagwirizane ndi mtedza wa flange?
Yankho: Nthawi zambiri palibe—mtedza wa flange umakhala ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi makina ochapira. Makina ochapira owonjezera a masika angayambitse kudzaza kwambiri (kusintha/kuwonongeka kwa makina ochapira). Gwiritsani ntchito kokha pamene makina ochapira akugwedezeka kwambiri (monga makina ochimbira) mukamaliza kufufuza kwa akatswiri.
Q: Kodi makina ochapira omwe ali ndi dzimbiri ayenera kusinthidwa?
Yankho: Dzimbiri pang'ono (lopanda kuwonongeka) lingagwiritsidwe ntchito pazinthu zomwe sizili zofunika kwambiri (monga mabulaketi a makina) mutatsuka. Libwezeretseni ngati dzimbiri likupangitsa kupindika, kusagwira bwino ntchito, kapena ngati likugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo ofunikira kwambiri chitetezo (monga mabuleki agalimoto, zida zamankhwala).